Textile industry is the worst offenders of all when it comes to environment safety and pollution control. All the processes of the textile and apparel industry require use of water in sizing, desizing, and scouring, bleaching, mercerization, dyeing, printing, finishing and ultimately washing. All the processes using large amount of chemicals hazardous in nature and a definite discharge of harmful waste water that goes into the fresh water rivers and streams. Thus effluent treatment is an immediate preventive plan to avoid any more damage to the ecosystem and water bodies. Effluents treatment plants are considered to be widely accepted approaches towards achieving environmental safety. On close observation of the kinds of pollutants are generated, no single treatment methodology is suitable or universally adoptable for any kind of effluent treatment. The biological treatment systems used extensively were not efficient for the colour removal of the more resistant dyes. Only after studying the needs and levels of treatment required, it is decided to what kind of treatment plan should be followed. The treatment processes may be categorized into preliminary, primary, secondary and tertiary treatment process.
