Repeat,
The exact reproduction of any unit of design placed in and accurate geometric relationship to it - for instance ‘side to side’ (known as a ‘square’ repeat), that is, set at a given distance exactly horizontal and vertical to the original.
The exact reproduction of any unit of design placed in and accurate geometric relationship to it - for instance ‘side to side’ (known as a ‘square’ repeat), that is, set at a given distance exactly horizontal and vertical to the original.
Repoussé,
A design is raised on the front side of the metal by hammering from the back surface. The front side is supported with a soft material such as pitch during the repoussé stage, so that large areas of metal compared with the thickness of the sheet was deformed (unlike chasing). Related terms: Chasing, Tracer. A method of embossing a metal sheet by punching and hammering a design into it from the back of the sheet in order to create design in relief in the front.
A design is raised on the front side of the metal by hammering from the back surface. The front side is supported with a soft material such as pitch during the repoussé stage, so that large areas of metal compared with the thickness of the sheet was deformed (unlike chasing). Related terms: Chasing, Tracer. A method of embossing a metal sheet by punching and hammering a design into it from the back of the sheet in order to create design in relief in the front.
Reputation,
Reputation, according to Black’s Law Dictionary, refers to the esteem in which a person is held by others. Reputation appears under the umbrella of author’s moral rights protection. At the Brussels Revision Conference of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1971), preference was given to “honor” and “reputation,” found to be more objective concepts reflecting personal interests of the author, as opposed to “moral” or “spiritual interests,” which are wider concepts. In the eventuality of harm, there is a difference between harm to the reputation and harm to the author’s moral or spiritual interests. It is not enough that the author does not like what was done to her work; the action taken must also reflect badly on her in the public eye.
Reputation, according to Black’s Law Dictionary, refers to the esteem in which a person is held by others. Reputation appears under the umbrella of author’s moral rights protection. At the Brussels Revision Conference of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1971), preference was given to “honor” and “reputation,” found to be more objective concepts reflecting personal interests of the author, as opposed to “moral” or “spiritual interests,” which are wider concepts. In the eventuality of harm, there is a difference between harm to the reputation and harm to the author’s moral or spiritual interests. It is not enough that the author does not like what was done to her work; the action taken must also reflect badly on her in the public eye.
Resist,
Wax or a paste of rice or clay painted or printed on to the cloth before dyeing, to reserve a white pattern. There are also modern resists which act chemically to prevent the fixation of the dye. Hence the ‘resist style’ of printing.
Wax or a paste of rice or clay painted or printed on to the cloth before dyeing, to reserve a white pattern. There are also modern resists which act chemically to prevent the fixation of the dye. Hence the ‘resist style’ of printing.
Resist dyeing,
Any process which employs dye-resistant materials to block the penetration of dyes on to or into selected areas of fabric or threads for the purpose of decorative patterns. See also batik, ikat, plangi, tritik.
Any process which employs dye-resistant materials to block the penetration of dyes on to or into selected areas of fabric or threads for the purpose of decorative patterns. See also batik, ikat, plangi, tritik.
Resist dyeing,
Resist dying is a common method of textile decoration in India, this process involves the resisting, screening or covering of pre-woven yarn or finished cloth with a removable yet impermeable substance. The placement of the dyestuff in the resist technique is controlled in various ways, though there are two main methods of regulating the patterning. First, there is the tie-and-dye technique, in which yarns or textiles are screened/covered, or partly screened, by being tied with impermeable threads. The second creates patterns either by painting or printing with a substance that will react with the dye to fix the colour (mordant resist dyeing), or by applying an impermeable and removable substance such as mud, gum or wax, that will successfully resist the colour when the cloth is dipped into a dye bath, yet may be removed by dissolving through washing or washing and heating.
Resist dying is a common method of textile decoration in India, this process involves the resisting, screening or covering of pre-woven yarn or finished cloth with a removable yet impermeable substance. The placement of the dyestuff in the resist technique is controlled in various ways, though there are two main methods of regulating the patterning. First, there is the tie-and-dye technique, in which yarns or textiles are screened/covered, or partly screened, by being tied with impermeable threads. The second creates patterns either by painting or printing with a substance that will react with the dye to fix the colour (mordant resist dyeing), or by applying an impermeable and removable substance such as mud, gum or wax, that will successfully resist the colour when the cloth is dipped into a dye bath, yet may be removed by dissolving through washing or washing and heating.
Resist printing,
Method of printing in which substances that will prevent the dyestuff from penetrating the fibres are applied to the cloth before printing or dyeing.
Method of printing in which substances that will prevent the dyestuff from penetrating the fibres are applied to the cloth before printing or dyeing.
Ribbon embroidery,
An embroidery technique in which narrow flat ribbon thread, usually of beaten silver, is interlaced or stitched into a net or gauze-like fabric. See also embroidery.
An embroidery technique in which narrow flat ribbon thread, usually of beaten silver, is interlaced or stitched into a net or gauze-like fabric. See also embroidery.
Rice paper,
Rice Paper is a paper like substance made from spirally slicing from outside to inside the translucent pith of native Taiwanese tree. It is edible and is used in a range of South East Asian cuisines as a wrapping cover for hot and cold food.
Rice Paper is a paper like substance made from spirally slicing from outside to inside the translucent pith of native Taiwanese tree. It is edible and is used in a range of South East Asian cuisines as a wrapping cover for hot and cold food.
Riveting,
The method of joining metal sheets by metal pegs passing through aligned holes previously cut in the sheets and hammering down the ends. Riveting can be performed hot or cold. The term hot or cold referring to the temperature of the rivet when it is closed. The advantage of hot riveting being that the joint is tightened further by the thermal contraction of the rivet on cooling.
The method of joining metal sheets by metal pegs passing through aligned holes previously cut in the sheets and hammering down the ends. Riveting can be performed hot or cold. The term hot or cold referring to the temperature of the rivet when it is closed. The advantage of hot riveting being that the joint is tightened further by the thermal contraction of the rivet on cooling.
Roghan,
An adhesive residue of safflower, castor or linseed oil used to prepare a colour for printing textiles. When oil of safflower, castor or linseed is heated over fire for more than 12 hours and cast into cold water it produces a thick residue known as roghan. The raised or encrusted work in roghan carried out by craftsmen of Nirona in Kutch, Gujarat, is skilfully worked out using a stylus on one quarter of the cloth which, when folded, effectively stamps the design on the remaining parts.
When this adhesive-residue is printed on cloth and subsequently dusted with coloured powder, gold or silver dust, it is known as khari or tinsel work.
An adhesive residue of safflower, castor or linseed oil used to prepare a colour for printing textiles. When oil of safflower, castor or linseed is heated over fire for more than 12 hours and cast into cold water it produces a thick residue known as roghan. The raised or encrusted work in roghan carried out by craftsmen of Nirona in Kutch, Gujarat, is skilfully worked out using a stylus on one quarter of the cloth which, when folded, effectively stamps the design on the remaining parts.
When this adhesive-residue is printed on cloth and subsequently dusted with coloured powder, gold or silver dust, it is known as khari or tinsel work.
Rolling,
The hand-powdered rolls were first used to emboss narrow strips for coins and to flatten and thin soft metals like gold and lead. But the development of the machinery capable of thinning work hardening metals and alloys required the improvement of the materials for the rolls and the their supporting structures as well as the increased power available in the post-medieval period. It is likely that the early rolling mill technology came from the slitting mill, and Tylecote 1990 (249) quotes C.S. Smith’s reference to the earliest description of a rolling mill of 1568 for the preparation lead window ‘cames’. Clearly the use of rolls to form metal was of interest at this period, as in 1496 Leonardo da Vinci drew a design for a rolling mill.
The hand-powdered rolls were first used to emboss narrow strips for coins and to flatten and thin soft metals like gold and lead. But the development of the machinery capable of thinning work hardening metals and alloys required the improvement of the materials for the rolls and the their supporting structures as well as the increased power available in the post-medieval period. It is likely that the early rolling mill technology came from the slitting mill, and Tylecote 1990 (249) quotes C.S. Smith’s reference to the earliest description of a rolling mill of 1568 for the preparation lead window ‘cames’. Clearly the use of rolls to form metal was of interest at this period, as in 1496 Leonardo da Vinci drew a design for a rolling mill.
Rotary screen printing,
Printing from a machine equipped with a set of cylindrical screens - usually, but not always, placed in line along a horizontal print table - each fitted with an internal squeegee and colour-feed unit.
Printing from a machine equipped with a set of cylindrical screens - usually, but not always, placed in line along a horizontal print table - each fitted with an internal squeegee and colour-feed unit.